Fuel Cells
Technology Map Detailed Contents
September 2022
Importance of the Technology
The Technology in Brief
- Types of Cells
- Proton-Exchange Membrane
- Applications for Proton-Exchange-Membrane Fuel Cells
- Fuel for Proton-Exchange-Membrane Fuel Cells
- Direct-Methanol Fuel Cells
- Phosphoric Acid
- Applications for Phosphoric-Acid Fuel Cells
- Fuel for Phosphoric-Acid Fuel Cells
- Molten Carbonate
- Applications for Molten-Carbonate Fuel Cells
- Fuel for Molten-Carbonate Fuel Cells
- Solid Oxide
- Applications for Solid-Oxide Fuel Cells
- Fuel for Solid-Oxide Fuel Cells
- Alkaline
- Applications for Alkaline Fuel Cells
- Fuel for Alkaline Fuel Cells
- Other Fuel-Cell Technologies
- Metal-Air Fuel Cells or Batteries
- Biofuel Cells or Microbial Fuel Cells
- Direct-Carbon Fuel Cells
- Ammonia and Hydrazine Hydrate Fuel Cells
- Hydrogen Production
- Hydrogen from Microreactors
- Nuclear Hydrogen
- Hydrogen-Storage Materials
- Metal Hydrides
- Metal Nitrides
- Metal-Organic Frameworks
- Carbon Allotropes
Commercial Development Parameters
- Demand Factors
- Stationary Power
- Propulsion and Transportation
- Portable Power
- General Constraints
- Stationary Power
- Propulsion and Transportation
- Portable Power
- Synergistic Technologies
- Stationary Power
- Propulsion and Transportation
- Portable Power
- Competing Technologies
- Stationary Power
- Propulsion and Transportation
- Portable Power
- Required Resources
- Stationary Power
- Propulsion and Transportation
- Portable Power
- Regulatory Factors
- Stationary Power
- Propulsion and Transportation
- Portable Power
Areas to Monitor
- Competing Technologies
- Consumer Acceptance
- Cost Reduction and Technological Advancement
- Regulatory Change
- New Applications
- Hydrogen as an Energy Carrier
- Asia-Pacific Markets
- Fuel Infrastructure and Storage
- Advanced Manufacturing
Implications of Commercialization
- Possible Futures
- Consequences of Change
Opportunities
- Stationary Power
- Industry Structure
- Large-Scale Grid- and Distributed-Power Generation
- Hybrid Fuel-Cell Systems
- Industrial-Processing Applications
- Backup Power
- Residential and Small-Scale Commercial Power
- Propulsion and Transportation
- Light-Duty-Vehicle Propulsion
- Bus Propulsion
- Niche Propulsion
- Auxiliary-Power Units
- Portable Fuel Cells
- Industry Structure
- Military Applications
- Portable-Power Generators
- Consumer-Electronics Devices
- Other Portable Products
Updates
Viewpoints Features
Abbreviations